IA: Our ambition for France is the title of the report submitted this Wednesday, March 13, 2024 to Emmanuel Macron by the Artificial Intelligence Commission. Made up of around thirty experts, it is led by the economist Philippe Aghion and Anne Bouverot, president of the board of directors of the École normale supérieure.
Jobs threatened by AI
Very rich in prospective, this 130-page document addresses numerous consequences of these innovations: health, artistic creation, environment, sovereignty, etc. But it also emphasizes the economy and the consequences of AI on employment.
The experts first estimate that for 19 out of 20 jobs examined in this analysis, certain tasks cannot be carried out by an AI. However, 5% of them will be significantly impacted by this technology.
This is particularly the case for certain administrative and commercial tasks which can be automated. And specialists cite accountants, secretaries, and even telemarketers with a major impact in terms of employment risks.
Other missions, sometimes carried out by freelancers, have already been affected by the emergence of generative artificial intelligence. The authors of the report notably mention a study which demonstrates the negative impact of ChatGPT on professions requiring data entry, graphic design, software development, and marketing.
Finally, certain “intellectual” intellectual professions (lawyers, journalists, interpreters) will not be completely replaced by AI but some of their missions are threatened by generative AI. The report explains:
Certain professions of knowledge, strategy and creativity (doctors, teachers, lawyers, journalists, artists, etc.), formerly perceived as crucibles of human intelligence, could be affected by a reduction in the total number of jobs.
“Everyone will be affected”
To complete, we can cite the research of Antonin Bergeaud, an economist of growth and innovation who teaches at HEC Paris. The latter screened 16,937 tasks linked to 873 professions. For each of them, he used GPT-4 with a specific request to see if the AI could carry out this mission in the near future, reports Challenges.
Quoted by our colleagues, he underlines: “Everyone will be concerned, even the cook who can get help to develop his recipes and organize his purchases,” he explains. But the level of automation is obviously higher in professions where tasks are standardized and repetitive. »
But certain professions are, according to him, much more exposed. This is the case for accountants, telemarketers, and secretaries, which is consistent with the analysis of the Commission on Artificial Intelligence. Conversely, janitors, housekeepers, and butchers are the least threatened.